Pg.550 1&2

1. Define:

enclosure movement: common lands in England began to be enclosed, into individual plots smaller landholdings were being combined into larger holdings.

crop rotation: helped farmers to produce more crops using the same amount of land; planted different crops in the fields each year and sometimes gave rest to the land so ,it would be better for the year after.

Industrial Revolution: an era of rapid industrial development; followed the agricultural revolution

factors of production: a mixture of -land, capital, and labor.

Mechanization: automatic machinery was used to increase production

factory system: spinning mill was the first of many in the beginning of this modern era

vulcanization-this process is the basis of the modern rubber industry

2. Identify:

Jethro Tull-concerned about the amount of seed wasted by hand-scattering it over the fields; invented a seed drill that made it possible to plant seeds in straight rows.

Richard Arkwright-invented a way to drive the machine (spinning “jenny”) by waterpower; brought workers and waterpower together and opened a spinning mill during the 1780s

Eli Whitney-invented the cotton gin, a machine that could clean much more cotton in a day than hand workers.

James Watt-studied and improved the steam engine.

Henry Bessemer-developed what came to be known as the Bessemer process-a cheaper and more efficient method of making steel.

Robert Fulton-the first to build a profitable steamboat.

Samuel Morse-sent an electrical current through a wire, causing a machine at the other end to click.